The polymers of the invention have been demonstrated in the Examples below to be useful in flocculating red mud throughout the Bayer process. Example 1 demonstrates that the invention facilitates red mud settling in both the high alkalinity of the settler feed and in the lower alkalinity environment of the red mud washing circuit.
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Red mud bauxite residue produced in the Bayer Process is treated in a plurality of centrifuges and repulp tanks to successively wash and dewater the red mud. A final centrate liquor is obtained in a first upstream centrifuge stage which is rich in alumina and caustic values for respective recovery and reuse. The concentrated red mud cake produced in the final downstream …
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(76) RED-MUD DEWATERING The partial dewatering of red mud is an integral part of the Bayer Process operations in the washing circuit for recovery of caustic. Practical considerations …
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The invention relates to the technical field of red mud treatment, and particularly discloses a process for concentrating and removing organic matters from Bayer process red mud, which is suitable for sintering process production, wherein a filter press is adopted to filter the Bayer process red mud, and the water content of the filtered red mud is not more than 30%; adding a …
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Following digestion, the thickened slurry proceeds to particle–particle physical separations by multistage hydrocycloning46 or possibly with novel equipment such as the REFLUX™ classifier.47 Hydrocyclones are already well established in the Bayer process for bauxite grinding, sand separation from red mud, sand washing, gibbsite (alumina ...
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A process for recovery of valuable products from Bayer process red mud comprises the steps: (a) digesting red mud with sulphur dioxide in the presence of water to dissolve soda, alumina and silica therein; (b) heating the product of step (a), with or without prior removal of insolubles, to selectively precipitate silica, and removing solids including the precipitated silica, to produce a ...
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(76) RED-MUD DEWATERING The partial dewatering of red mud is an integral part of the Bayer Process operations in the washing circuit for recovery of caustic. Practical considerations require that the mud be thickened to about 20 percent solids. ... calcination of Bayer Process red mud with soda ash and limestone produces the brown mud (a cement ...
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15. Mud Washing 20 16. Residue Disposal and Re-use 20 17. Impurity Balances and Removal including Liquor Purification 22 18. Energy Usage and Balance 23 19. Water Usage and Balance 24 20. Process Control 24 21. A Sustainable Bayer Process 25 22.
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Red mud or bauxite residue is a solid waste generated from the Bayer process. The disposal of red mud leads to a serious environmental threat because of its tiny particle size and …
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The mud clarification and washing circuit of alumina refineries has changed considerably in the past 50 years, starting from a batch filtration process and evolving to a CCD process with many trains of large diameter washers having various geometries and rake designs. The modem mud clarification and washing circuits developed in
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The Bayer red mud is the solid waste generated during the production of alumina by the Bayer process. At present, the stock of red mud in China exceeds 1.1 billion tons, covering an area of more ...
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Filtration and washing of red mud using vacuum, ... With the use of the Bayer process, most of the red mud has been disposed of as semi-dry or a wet slurry in mud lakes, or impoundment areas as shown in Fig. 3 [17]. This has become common practice at alumina refinery plant sites around the world. However, the disposal of RM in an open space is ...
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The red mud separating method for alumina producing Bayer process includes depositing separation of the leaching and diluting liquid, washing of red mud and filtering separation of red mud; and features the centrifuging separation of partial leaching and diluting liquid while deposition separating the other part, and the merging the overflowed liquid from centrifuging …
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The Bayer process liquor cycle is a loop, and the goal is to ensure that the energy stays within the loop, with heat exchange occurring between different parts of the cycle. The diagram shown in Fig. 9.45, provided by Donaldson, simplifying the Bayer process into a large heat exchanger, highlights this idea well. Wherever possible the heat is ...
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A method of recycling scandium and sodium sulphate from Bayer process red mud, comprising the following steps: by red mud pulverizing and jevigating, ammonium sulfate is added and mixes well；One section of low temperature roasting makes red mud ammonium sulfate salinization, subsequent high temperature two-stage calcination；Multi-level water …
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EP2938575A1 EP13867697.8A EP13867697A EP2938575A1 EP 2938575 A1 EP2938575 A1 EP 2938575A1 EP 13867697 A EP13867697 A EP 13867697A EP 2938575 A1 EP2938575 A1 EP 2938575A1 Authority
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According to its alumina refining process, red mud is called combined process red mud, sintering processes red mud, Bayer process red mud, or improved Bayer process red mud (Li et al., 2018). The yield of red mud varies with the composition of bauxite and the processing technology. ... 2.50 mg for seawater washing, 2.95 mg for ammonia ...
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the purpose of the present invention is to avoid the above-mentioned disadvantages and inconveniences; it is particularly intended to reduce the solid phase (bound-form) losses of caustic and alumina, and to produce non-thixotropic mud for clean and economical disposal. Whithin the scope of the invention described herein, this problem is solved by washing and filtration under …
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At present, alumina is mostly produced by an alkali process in the industry, which is generally divided into sintering process, Bayer process and sintering-Bayer combined process (Liu and Wu, 2012).Correspondingly, three kinds of bauxite residue are produced in these three processes, namely Bayer red mud, sintering red mud and combined red mud, respectively.
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loss of extractable alumina in settlers and red mud washers minimized to. 0.5 - 1 % . ground bauxite. pregnant liquor with. T ≈. 145°C. p ≈ 4 bar. solids. red mud washing. red mud washing. red mud washing. ca. 2 % loss of extractable alumina (gibbsite) in the settlers. ca. 2 % loss . of extractable alumina (gibbsite) during red mud washing ...
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The invention provides methods and compositions for improving the rheology of red mud removed from Bayer Process liquor. The method includes adding a flocculant and a cross-linked polysaccharide to the liquor. This combination separates the red mud from the liquor but also prevents the red mud from becoming too thick. By preventing excessive thickness, the …
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The Bayer Process includes approximately 10 solid/liquid separation steps, 4 or 5 of which involve sedimentation. The major sedimentation duty in a typical refinery is liquor clarification and …
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Red mud, also referred to as bauxite residue, is the largest process waste produced during alumina production from bauxite ore by the Bayer method. Approximately 1–2 …
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CLARIFICATION, RED MUD WASHING, AND LIQUOR FILTRATION ... SELECTION OF SEDIMENTATION EQUIPMENT FOR THE BAYER PROCESS AN OVERVIEW OF PAST AND PRESENT TECHNOLOGY TMS1, Tim J. Laros & Frank A Bacze 2 k 'TMS (The Minerals, Metals & Materials Society); 184 Thorn Hill Rd.; Warrendale, PA 15086, USA ...
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Red mud is a polymetallic waste generated during Bayer's process of alumina production. High alkalinity (pH > 11), multiple elements, and micron-sized particles make red mud recycling energy-intensive and challenging. The following work presents a hydrometallurgical flowsheet for separation of different red mud elements and recovery of high purity Fe (II) …
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The invention particularly relates to a dealkalization method of Bayer process red mud, and belongs to the technical field of alumina production. The method comprises the following steps: obtaining circulating mother liquor of the Bayer process; circulating the Bayer processMixing the ring mother solution with bauxite and lime to obtain raw ore pulp; pre-desilication reaction is …
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Red mud in Bayer process liquors are flocculated using dextran and synthetic anionic polymer in the same stage, usually added separately to the liquor. The liquor may be the primary settler slurry, the secondary clarification liquor or one or more of the red mud washing stages. The process is of particular advantage where the liquors are high in carbonate content and/or total …
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Bayer red mud is a strong alkaline solid waste discharged during alumina production. Due to large emissions and strong alkalinity, red mud is now mostly dammed or buried, which not only occupies huge land but also …
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Flocculation and separation of red mud is an integral part of the Bayer process. Over the latter half of the 20th century, flocculant technology dramatically changed from natural starches to use of …
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Red mud or red sludge is a solid waste product of the Bayer process, the principal industrial means of refining bauxite in order to provide alumina as raw material for the electrolysis of …
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